Pakistan is waging a raid war against India in Kashmir. He not only supports extremists, terrorists, he also gives recognition to them, motivates them, provides money, provides training and also gives them shelter when needed.
Efforts made by India to build confidence in relations On 28 May 1990, India made a free resolution to build trust in mutual relations which, inter alia, sought to stop its support to terrorists, arms and terrorists from Pakistan. Demands were made to nab them, not to provide transit facilities to terrorists and to hand over those who had escaped from the law. Following India's proposal, there were three rounds of Foreign Secretary level talks. Arrangements were made to make telephone contact once a week between the Director Generals of Military Operators of the two countries. A hotline was established between the prime ministers of the two countries. On 19 August 1992, at the end of the sixth round of Foreign Secretary- level talks between India and Pakistan, the two countries signed a Joint Declaration on Complete Ban on Chemical Weapons and Code of Conduct for Diplomats.
India on January 24, 1994 at Siachen, Sir Creek, the Line of Actual Control for maintaining peace and tranquility, the proposed dagger, the Dust Force Shipping Project, additional measures to develop mutual trust and 6 suggestions to Pakistan regarding the Indo- Pak Joint Commission. lamps.
Pakistan's irresponsible actions kidnapping of Indian politician Rajesh Mittal in Islamabad in May 1962, alleged decision by several political factions and border organizations of Pakistan to cross the border into Kashmir on 24 October 1962, by the National Assembly of Pakistan in the same month Passing a resolution on the Ayodhya dispute. On attacks on minorities and demolition of temples in Pakistan after the demolition of the controversial Babri Masjid structure in Ayodhya in December 1962, the resolution passed by the Senate of Pakistan and a national-wide strike to observe 'Day of Mourning' on December 8, 1962, the government's Irresponsible actions like decisions, etc., were going to bring down Indo-Pak relations.
Resolution passed by the parliamentarians of both the countries During this period a resolution was passed by the National Assembly of Pakistan expressing solidarity with the people of Jammu and Kashmir in terms of their self-determination and demanded from India that they should join Kashmir. Don't torture people. On the other hand the Indian Parliament passed a unanimous resolution regarding Kashmir on 22 February 1994. In which it said, “Jammu and Kashmir is and will remain an integral part of India. Any action to separate it from India will be vigorously contested. India has the power to counter conspiracies against her unity and against her sovereignty."
Nuclear tests by both The time of May 1998 will be remembered in international politics as an astonishing and enduring development. Pokhran-2 explosives were used by India on 11 and 13 May 1998. In response to which nuclear explosions were carried out by Pakistan on 28 and 30 May 1998. In response to India, Pakistan wants to show that it is as powerful as India, while the reality is that it is nowhere in front of India in military terms, it is burdened with foreign debt, technically it is foreign aid. Its citizens do not even have basic human facilities. Still, he suffices for India's equality, which is just a fantasy.
Political effort After a long time, on May 12, 1997, there was a summit between the two countries in Male, in which the formation of a joint working group to resolve mutual issues, the release of civilian prisoners, the establishment of a hot line, etc. Secretary level talks were held in June and September 1997 to normalize relations between the two countries. Thereafter, in Colombo in July 1998, the Indian Prime Minister Shri Atal Bihari ji and the Pakistan-Tani Prime Minister held discussions regarding the settlement of mutual matters. In October 1998, after a long time, talks were held again between the secretaries of the two countries. Going a step ahead of the Gujral principle, the BJP government made a remarkable effort to strengthen Indo-Pak relations. In late 1998 and early 1999, both the countries started only ministerial and secretary level talks to find a way out on Kashmir as well as Sir Creek boundary demarcation, Wular Lake dispute, Siachen dispute and economic matters.
Lahore Declaration The then Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee ji took the initiative on his behalf to improve relations with Pakistan, on February 20, 1999, by bus to Pakistan. Here he was warmly welcomed. The declaration signed by the Prime Ministers of both the countries during the visit is called the Lahore Declaration, the main provisions of this letter are as follows Both will not interfere in each other's internal affairs. Both the countries will abide by the Simla Agreement. To resolve the issue of prisoners of both the countries, a ministerial committee will be formed. Both countries will respect each other's sovereignty and will not encourage terrorism. Ministerial-level discussions on nuclear matters and other sensitive matters of the two countries will continue. Respect for respect in the issues of world trade will create synergy among themselves in view of the interests. Will assist each other in dealing with the problem of Y2K and will inform each other of missiles before they are tested.
It was not even 10 weeks since the Kargil War- Lahore Declaration that Pakistan started showing its new colours. Sometime in March 1999, pro-Pakistan infiltrators and Pakistani army personnel made their bases near Kargil on hills between 16000 to 18000 feet high. In May 1999, the Pakistani army started shelling. In retaliation, the Indian Air Force launched air strikes. After initial difficulties, the Indian Army with indomitable courage finally put the Pakistani Army and its backed infiltrators to shame once again by pushing them across the Line of Control (LOC). What Pakistan did in the area of Kargil is a blatant violation of international conventions, norms and conventions. According to critics, Pakistan failed in all four of its strategically targeted goals in Kargil. Closing the Srinagar-Lehroad, taking military action in the southern part of Siachen???? to the northeast, forcing India to leave Siachen, capturing the mountainous areas in the Kargil region and lending money to more militancy activities in the Kashmir Valley Re-surge the Kashmir problem at the international level by capturing parts of the Kargil region. In fact, by entering the Kargil region, Pakistan created a crisis for itself. Even his allies like America and China were not ready to support him in the current crisis. Due to heavy support from the Indian Army and tremendous international pressure, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Nawab Sharif, on July 5, 1999, assured Clinton to the American President that he would withdraw Pakistani troops and the Mujahideen from Indian soil and that the Line of Control would be fully respected.
Hijacking of the I-C 814 aircraft Pakistan hijacked an Indian passenger plane with the help of terrorists (5 of whom numbered) on 24 December 1999 and landed it in Kandahar to bring the Kashmir issue back to international discussion. India was successful in the safe return of the passengers, crew and aircraft in exchange for the three terrorists. This abduction is the most despicable example of international terrorism. There is clear evidence that this plan and the terrorists who carried it out are Pakistanis.
Agra Summit After the defeat in the Kargil war, there was a continuous increase in internal and external pressure on Musharraf. Musharraf did India to divide the attention of the Pakistani people and to keep the world community in the lurch. During the visit, there were four rounds of talks between Musharraf and Vajpayee in Agra on July 15, 2001. But India did not support Musharraf's policy of considering the Kashmir problem as the main issue. As a result, other issues also could not be discussed. Thus the Agra summit failed because of Pakistan's obstinate attitude. In fact, both the countries and the two different perspectives present a challenge to Indo-Pak relations.
Afghan Crisis In October 2001, Pakistan protested against the US military action in Afghanistan and the decision to make India a participant in the decision of a government with a wide support base, considering it as its defeat. This situation hinders the normalization of relations between the two. On the one hand, he is talking about supporting the end of terrorism, while on the other hand he has been giving the name of freedom movement and jihad to Kashmiri terrorism. Its dual policy regarding terrorism raises doubts in India's mind.
Terrorist attack on Parliament The terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament House on December 13, 2001 when it became clear that I.S. All this happened with the collusion of I.I., then a situation of tension in the relations between the two countries was created. Taking a tough stand against Pakistan, India took the following steps at the diplomatic level-
Stopped Samjhauta Express (rail service), Stopped Delhi-Lahore Bus Service, Withdrew its High Commissioner from Pakistan, Banned Pak High Commission employees from going out of Delhi, Pak Air Force on Indian Naval Area Banned.
India resorting to aggressive diplomacy In this regard, the following steps were taken by India such as - Despite the efforts of Pakistani ruler Musharraf during the SAARC summit in Kathmandu on 5-6 January, 2002, Atal Bihari Vajpayee ji did not give him any way. Didn't get a chance for a formal meeting. It was as a result of Indian diplomacy that the Security Council, on January 10, 2002, rejected Pakistan's demand to intervene in the Kashmir issue, asking Pakistan itself to directly and indirectly support terrorists operating in Kashmir. stop giving In February 2002, LK Advani, during his visit to America, made four demands for concrete action against terrorism sponsored by Pakistan. He handed over 20 terrorists to India, shut down the terrorist training camps running on their soil and ceased their arms and finance, stop sending terrorists to India, Pakistan criticizes all types of terrorism. In fact, due to international pressure as a result of India resorting to aggressive diplomacy, Pakistan banned various terrorist organizations and confiscated their properties. Yet it cannot be denied that the Government of Pakistan is still engaged in terrorist activities in India. The most recent example of this can be given on September 24, 2002. He killed hundreds of unarmed people by sending terrorists to Akshardham temple in Gandhinagar, Gujarat. On the occasion of Deepawali (November 2005), the Pakistani thinking of spreading panic by conducting three consecutive bomb blasts in Delhi (July 2006) and 7 bomb blasts in Mumbai is well known.
Suggestions to improve relations Despite all the pressures and suggestions from the West between India and Pakistan, when the talks between the two countries could not start officially, the relationship between the two started from the middle of Track-2 Diplomacy. But efforts were made to make the relationship sweet by melting the frozen ice, which is as follows - A team of Pakistani parliamentarians visited India. A delegation of 50 Parliamentarians from India went to Pakistan to participate in the Media Association of South Asians held in Pakistan. Pakistan's radical leader Maulana Fazlur Rehman visited India with a small delegation. Successful heart surgery of a 3-year-old girl from Pakistan in Bangalore. 13-year-old Munir released from Children's Jail in India. Release of 13 Pakistani nationals by India after they have completed their sentence. Release of Indian fishermen by Pakistan and release of Pakistani fishermen by India. The Indian cricket team's tour of Pakistan in March 2004 and the grand welcome of the team by the people of Pakistan.
Efforts at the Diplomatic Level With a view to improve relations with Pakistan, Vajpayee announced on 2 May 2003 that India would appoint a High Commissioner to Pakistan and civil aviation between the two countries would be re-established. In response to this offer of Vajpayee, Pakistan also agreed to withdraw full political relations with India. Notable efforts in this direction are-After 18 months and 10 days, Delhi-Lahore bus service started from July 11, 2003. ceasefire on the Indo-Pak border from November 25 (Eve of Eid) 2003. Agreement to open air links between the two countries with effect from 1 January 2004. SAARC summit to be held in Pakistan from 4-6 January 2004 and India's affirmative response. During this, a joint statement was issued, in which both the countries will hold talks on peaceful resolution of all issues including Kashmir until both are satisfied. Secretary level talks.
Musharraf's visit to Delhi (16 18 April 2005) The attitude of the Pakistani President, who came to India on the pretext of cricket, seemed to have changed this time. The leaders of the two countries declared in sentencing statements that "the peace process can no longer be turned back and terrorism will not be allowed to stand in the way of the peace process." In the talks between Manmohan Singh and Pervez Musharraf, progress was made on some concrete issues on which both the countries were earlier adopting an ideal stand. The issues are agreeing to ply trucks to make the dividing line (/40 km) flexible, increase the Srinagar-Muzaffarabad bus service and increase trade between the two parts of Kashmir. Pakistan said that it will not allow terrorism to hinder the peace process. Agreed to set up Joint Economic Commission, Joint Business Council meeting soon. Opening of Consulates in Mumbai and Karachi by the end of 2005.
Indo-Pakistan relations further intensified when the much awaited bus service started between Lahore and Amritsar on 20 January 2006. After this, with the commencement of bus service between Amritsar and Nankana Sahib on March 24, 2006, six routes were opened between India and Pakistan, in which 4 bus service routes and 2 rail routes, in February 2007, both countries had nuclear power. The Agreement on Reduction in the Risk of Accidental Use of Weapons was signed on December 27, 2007, when the former Prime Minister of Pakistan Benazir Bhutto was assassinated, an incident that dealt a blow to the forces of modernization in Pakistan. A new era of tension and uncertainty in relations began when terrorists from Pakistan based in Mumbai carried out a terrorist attack on 26 November 2008 and showed no interest in taking any action despite having evidence against them. India was compelled to refuse to participate in the Composite Dialogues. The issue of terrorism is an important issue between the two countries. The problem of Pakistan is that it is neither showing any willingness to take any concrete action against these terrorists nor does there exist any central authority to decide for such action, the process of bilateral talks stalled for a long time. is. America's role in this regard is also important. The US has been putting indirect pressure on India to initiate dialogue with Pakistan to get Pakistan's active cooperation in achieving the goals of the Af-Pak policy in Afghanistan. India has also decided to hold talks with Pakistan on its own terms. Foreign Secretary level talks were held between the two countries in June 2010 and Foreign Ministers talks in July 2010. Prior to this, the Prime Ministers of the two countries have met informally in Egypt in July 2009 and in Thimphu during the SAARC summit in April 2010. In the first week of June 2010, the two countries have met in Uri and Chutak under the Indus-Water Treaty 1960. and have settled mutual differences regarding Baglihar Hydroelectric Projects.
As long as Pakistan talks only for talks and continues anti-India policies, there can be no real progress in India-Pakistan relations. The policy-makers of Pakistan have blown away the spirit of the Simla Agreements. An agreement, however sacred, remains a piece of paper until both sides honor it. In essence, the history of Indo-Pak relations from the time of independence only till now presents a vivid example of the politics of mutual suspicion.
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